Alcyone n : (Greek mythology) a woman who was turned into a kingfisher [syn: Halcyon]

English

Etymology

Latin Alcyone, from Greek Ἀλκυων (Alkyon)

Proper noun

Alcyone

1. One of the Pleiades; daughter of Aeolus and wife of Ceyx. When her husband died in a shipwreck, Alcyone threw herself into the sea whereupon the gods transformed them both into halcyon birds (kingfishers). When Alcyone made her nest on the beach, waves threatened to destroy it. Aeolus restrained his winds and made the waves be calm during seven days in each year, so she could lay her eggs. These became known as the "halcyon days", when storms never occur.

Translations

• Portuguese: Alcíone

Related terms

• halcyon
• halcyon days

Latin

Etymology

From Greek Ἀλκυων (Alkyon)

Pronunciation

• /aːlˈkʏ.ɔ.neː/

Proper noun

Alcyonē

1. Alcyone

In Greek mythology, Alcyone (Greek: ) was the daughter of Aeolus, either by Enarete or Aegiale. She married Ceyx, son of Eosphorus, the Morning Star.

They were very happy together in Trachis, and according to Pseudo-Apollodorus's account, often sacrilegiously called each other "Zeus" and "Hera." This angered Zeus, so while Ceyx was at sea (going to consult an oracle according to Ovid's account), the god threw a thunderbolt at his ship. Ceyx appeared to Alcyone as an apparition to tell her of his fate, and she threw herself into the sea in her grief. Out of compassion, the gods changed them both into halcyon birds, named after her.

Ovid and Hyginus both also recount the metamorphosis of the pair in and after Ceyx's loss in a terrible storm, though they both omit Ceyx and Alcyone calling each other Zeus and Hera- and Zeus's resulting anger - as a reason for it. Ovid also adds the detail of her seeing his body washed up on the shore before her attempted suicide.

Ovid and Hyginus both also make the metamorphosis the origin of the etymology for "halcyon days", the seven days in winter when storms never occur. They state that these were originally the seven days each year (either side of the shortest day of the year) during which Alcyone (as a kingfisher) laid her eggs and made her nest on the beach and during which her father Aeolus, god of the winds, restrained the winds and calmed the waves so she could do so in safety. The phrase has since become a term used to describe a peaceful time generally.

The myth is also briefly referred to by Virgil, again without reference to Zeus's anger.

Classical sources

Later references

• Various kinds of kingfishers are named after the couple, in reference to the metamorphosis myth:
  • The genus Ceyx (within the River kingfishers family) is named after him
  • The kingfisher family Halcyonidae (Tree Kingfishers) is named after his wife, as is the genus Halcyon.
  • The Belted Kingfisher's Latin species name (Megaceryle alcyon) also references her name.
• Their story features in The Book of the Duchess.

Other sources

Also see: The Poems of Archibald Lampman - Canadian Poetry Archive http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/

• A collection of Canada's celebrated nature poet. Alcyone, his final set of poetry published posthumously in 1899, highlights both Lampman's apocalyptic and utopian visions of the future.